The Mausoleum of Sultan Sanjar belongs to the Khurasan type of mausoleums. The renowned historian Isfizari characterized this mausoleum in the 15th century as "one of the greatest structures in the realms of the universe," belonging to the masterpieces of world architecture. Majestic in scale (with dimensions of 27x27 m for the base and a height of over 30 m), it impresses with its remarkable composition, noble simplicity of forms, and perfection of details. The dome was double, based on a system of relieving structures beneath the dome. In European architecture, the system of a brick dome with a double ribbed shell first appeared in the 15th century in the Florence Cathedral. The ingenious master Muhammad bin Atsyz from Serakhs surpassed the great architect of the Renaissance, Filippo Brunelleschi, by almost three centuries. The inner dome of the mausoleum of Sanjar has a special system of constructive brick ribs forming a complex spatial arrangement of polygons converging in the form of an eight-pointed star.

The exterior of the mausoleum was faced with blue bricks. The mausoleum was visible from a day's journey away. Indeed, it was positioned so skillfully that on clear days its silhouette could be seen from a distance of 20-25 km. The interior of the mausoleum was adorned with murals painted in blue, red, green, and black colors on a white background. The ornamentation motifs were abstract and epigraphic, and their distribution followed the architectural divisions. The dominant cool texture of the background brought a pure and tranquil note to the overall harmony of the burial chamber's interior.